Volume 10, Issue 2.
| TITLE | AUTHOR | VIEW ABSTRACT | DOWNLOAD | |
| 001. | Strategies to Improve the Implementation of Guidance and Counselling in Junior Primary Schools | Gladys Manzunzu Midlands State University, Zimbabwe Email: manzunzugladys@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 002. | Mobile Money Usage and Financial Inclusion among Rural Households: Empirical Evidence from Bukombe District, Tanzania | Dionysius Joseph Msilikare Tanzania Public Service College, Tabora Campus Email: dionymsilikare@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 003. | The Causes of Alcoholism in Kabale, Rubanda and Rukiga Districts of Western Uganda | John Bosco Turyasingura – Department of Management Science Moses Agaba – Department of Management Science Jesse David Kabagambe – Department of Business Studies Jasper Atukwase – Department of Procurement and Logistics Faculty of Economics and management Sciences Turikanawe Francis – Department of Management Science Kabale University Email: jboturyasingura@kab.ac.ug/ magaba@kab.ac.ug/ jkabagambe@kab.ac.ug/ jatukwase@kab.ac.ug | View Abstract | Download |
| 004. | Effect of Procurement Preparation on Contract Management in Kabale District | Jamada Matende – Department of Business Studies Turyasingura John Boco – Department of Business Studies Agaba Moses – Department of Business Studies Arinaitwe Julius Byarugaba – Department of Business Studies Atukwase Jasper – Department of Procurement and Logistics Management Alice Ngele Mwazuna – Department of Business Studies Barigye Godfry – Department of Governance Turinawe Francis – Department of Business Studies Faculty of Economics and Management Sciences. Kabale University. Uganda. | View Abstract | Download |
| 005. | Humanizing Pedagogy for Work Integrated Learning in Preservice Teacher Training: A Holistic Approach | Alice Dhliwayo Solusi University, Zimbabwe Email: dhliwayoam@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 006. | Effect of Stakeholder Engagement on Project Success: A Case Study of Renovation of Amahoro Stadium in Kigali, Rwanda | Christian Hagenimana & Ruth Odengo University of Kigali Email: hagenichris@gmail.com /rodengo@uok.ac.rw | View Abstract | Download |
| 007. | Developing a Sustainable Crisis Management Model to Address University Student Unrest in Zimbabwe | Felix Njini Midlands State University, Zimbabwe Email: njinif@sid.adventist.org | View Abstract | Download |
| 008. | The Paradox of Administrators in Managing the Implementation of the Heritage-Based Curriculum in Early Childhood Development Settings in Zvishavane District | Cleopas Zhou Midlands State University, Zimbabwe Email: r09608n@students.msu.ac.zw | View Abstract | Download |
| 009. | Access to Education Through ODEL: Evaluating the Paradox of Inclusion and Exclusion among Marginalised Women and Subalterns | Abigirl Lumbe & Mercy Kurebwa Zimbabwe Open University Email: lumbea@zou.ac.zw/ kurebwam@zou.ac.zw | View Abstract | Download |
| 010. | Effect of Capital Adequacy on the Profitability of Selected Commercial Banks in Rwanda | Yonny Pascal Ekwa Mezui University of Kigali Email: ekwamezui@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 011. | Effect of Observation-Based Assessment on Pre-Primary Two Learners’ Achievement in Environmental Activities in Public Schools in Nandi County, Kenya | Kimalel Chepkoech Betty – Department of Early Childhood Development Education Audrey Matere – Department of Early Childhood Development Education Florence Boinett – Department of Curriculum Instruction and Media School of Education and Human Resource Development Kisii University Email: kimalelbetty161@gmail.com/ audreymatere@kisiiuniversity.ac.ke/ jepkosgei67@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 012. | Assessing the Effectiveness of Human Resources Retention Strategies on Employee Retention in the Ministry of Health Institutions in Gwanda Town, Matabeleland South Province in Zimbabwe | Sikhathele Margaret Moyo & Dingindawo Ncube Matabeleland South Regional Campus Zimbabwe Open University Email: margiemoyo@gmail.com/ ncubd@zou.ac.zw | View Abstract | Download |
| 013. | Impact of US and Israel War against the Islamic Republic of Iran on Uganda’s Economy | Richard Wemesa Department of Management Sciences, King Ceasor University, Uganda Department of Applied Business Administration, Cornerstone University, Uganda Department of Research & Consultancy, the Uganda institute of Banking and Financial Services Department of Business Administration, Unicaf University, Uganda Email: richard.wemesa@gmail.com, richie.wemesa@gmail.com, wemesa@kcu.ac.ug, r.wemesa@uganda.unicaf.org, rwemesa@cu.ac.ug. | View Abstract | Download |
| 014. | Bridging Policy–Practice Gaps: Women’s Land Rights, Tenure Insecurity, and Sustainable Agricultural Land Management in Kenya | Karen Nyamoita Magara, Peter Gutwa Oino, Vivian Nyaata School of Arts and Social Sciences Kisii University Email: nyamoita2016@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 015. | Sociocultural Practices and Senior School Transition: Pastoralist Community Perceptions in Turkana County, Kenya | Joshua Napoco, Cyrus Muhanga & Hellen Opingo Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology napoco78@gmail.com/ muhanga88@gmail.com/ opingohellen@gmail.com https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5351-6852 https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6451-5799 | View Abstract | Download |
| 016. | Quality Performance Assessement, Evaluation and Percieived Service Delivery in Private Universities in Central Region in Uganda | Francis Sengendo, Micheal Mawa & Frank Pio Kiyinji Nkumba University, Uganda Email: sengendofrancis2016@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 017. | Quality Curriculum and Perceived Service Delivery in Private Universities in the Central Region in Uganda | Francis Sengendo, Micheal Mawa & Frank Pio Kiyinji Nkumba University, Uganda Email: sengendofrancis2016@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 018. | Agroecological and Socioeconomic Determinants of Maize Yield Gaps in Liberalized Agricultural Systems: A Systematic Review | Protus Wafula Barasa, Peter Gutwa Oino & Dennis Mamboleo School of Arts and Social Sciences Kisii University Email: protus.wafulabarasa@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 019. | Resources Use Conflicts in Tanzania. A Case Study of Mirerani Tanzanite Mining Area in Manyara Region | Simon Peter Kaaya – Ward Executive Officer, Bwawani Ward, Arusha District Council Nabahani Kimboka – Tengeru Institute of Community Development Email: kimboka83@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 020. | Effect of ICT Tools Integration in Teaching-learning Mathematics on Students’ Academic Performance in Upper Secondary Schools of Muhanga District, Rwanda | Frederic Niyongira – University of Rwanda, College of Education (UR-CE), African Centre of Excellence for Innovative Teaching and Learning Mathematics and Science (ACEITLMS) Email: fniyongira55@gmail.com Jean Baptiste Ndagijimana – University of Rwanda, College of Education & University of Kigali Email: j.ndagijimana2@ur.ac.rw & jndagijimana@uok.ac.rw | View Abstract | Download |
| 021. | Institutional and Individual Support as Determinants of Academic Career Progression among Female Lecturers in Selected Public Universities in Uganda | Phoebe Nabawanuka – School of Education, Kyambogo University Eric Douglas Kalanda – School of Education, Kyambogo University Berna Lutaaya – School of Education, Kampala International University | View Abstract | Download |
| 022. | Principals’ Management Strategies of Resources on Learners’ Academic Achievement in Public Secondary Schools in Nyamira North Sub-County, Kenya | Sylvia Kerubo, Beatrice Nyakan, Elijah Omosa Kisii University Email: syliviakerubopamela@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 023. | Empowering Informal Workers in Tanzania with an Automated Voucher Selling System: Co-design with Street Traders in Tanzania | Joel Rumanyika College of Business Education (Dodoma Campus) Department of Information, Communication Technology and Mathematics P.O. Box 2077, Dodoma-Tanzania E-mail: rummjoe@gmail.com http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6048-8947 | View Abstract | Download |
| 024. | Why Organisational Citizenship Behaviour Declines among Teachers: Head Teachers’ Perspectives from Government-Aided Secondary Schools in Greater Bushenyi, Uganda | Precious Natureeba, Aloysius Rukundo & Sudi Balimuttajjo Department of Educational Foundations and Psychology Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1073-8268 Email: natureebaprecious@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 025. | Lecturers’ Practices of Collaborative Lesson Delivery at Health Tutors’ College-Mulago, Uganda | Christopher Martin Sunday Isabirye – Kyambogo University, Uganda Lydia Namatende-Sakwa – Kyambogo University, Uganda APHRC Campus, Manga Close, Nairobi, Kenya Elizabeth Opit – Kyambogo University, Uganda Bashir Kishabale – Kyambogo University, Uganda Email: cisabirye92@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 026. | Influence of Digital Technologies on Tourist Experience and Destination Competitiveness in Kenya | Solomon Ikote Muntet School of Tourism, Hospitality and Events Management Moi University, Kenya Email: somuntet@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 027. | Small-Scale Fish Traders’ Sourcing Practices and Fish Sustainability in Lake Victoria, Magu District, Tanzania | Neema Ngowi, Perazia Robert Magesa & Pancreas Nyaluhela Department of Procurement and Supply Management College of Business Education – Mwanza Campus Email: neyngowi67@gmail.com/ magesaperazia@gmail.com/ pnyaluhela@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 028. | Mapping the Knowledge Base for the Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Climate Change Adaptation: A Bibliometric Analysis | Tatu Lisso, Danford A. Sanga & Bahati D. Mfungo Local Government Training Institute, Dodoma, Tanzania Email: tattulesso@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 029. | Preparedness of Tourism Stakeholders for Climate Change Impacts in Kenya | Solomon Ikote Muntet School of Tourism, Hospitality and Events Management Moi University, Kenya Email: somuntet@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 030. | Student Support Strategies and Performance in the Kenya Primary School Education Assessment: Showcasing Public Primary Schools in Kakamega South Sub-County, Kenya | Adelaide Bandi, Caroline Wekullo, & Pamela Buhere Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology Adelaidebandi2@gmail.com, cwekulo@mmust.ac.ke & Pbuhere@mmust.ac.ke | View Abstract | Download |
| 031. | Adoption of Sustainable Tourism Practices and Their Impact on Community Livelihoods in Maasai Mara National Reserve | Solomon Ikote Muntet School of Tourism, Hospitality and Events Management Moi University, Kenya Email: somuntet@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 032. | Environmental Determinants of Educational Transition: Examining the Progression of Pupils with Physical Impairments from Integrated Primary to Junior Secondary Schools in Rachuonyo Sub-County, Kenya | Elijah Owino Oluoch University of Eastern Africa, Baraton Email: elijahowino193@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 033. | A Literature Review on Emerging Technologies for Resource Optimization in African Community-Based Project | Niyonkuru Schiman – Kabale University, Uganda Rucyahana Andrew – BPN (Rwanda) Nkundabanzi Pacifique – University of Kigali, Rwanda | View Abstract | Download |
| 034. | Investigating the Influence of School-Based Student Retention Strategies in Public Secondary Schools in Mufundi District Council, Tanzania | Aloyce Luhamya Institute of Accountancy Arusha https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1657-9304 Email: kipaumbele2010@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 035. | Influence of monitoring and Evaluation of Time Allocation on Implementation of Infrastructure Projects in Public Secondary Schools in Kakamega County, Kenya | George King Nabibya, Herbert Dimo & Joshua Ketter School of Education, University of Eldoret, Kenya Email: geonaki@yahoo.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 036. | Influence of Public Accountability on Implementation of Infrastructure Projects in Public Secondary Schools in Kakamega County, Kenya | George King Nabibya, Herbert Dimo & Joshua Ketter School of Education, University of Eldoret, Kenya Email: geonaki@yahoo.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 037. | Multimedia Technology for Enhancing Adult Learners’ Academic Performance at the Institute of Adult Education in Tanzania | Rehema Songambele Institute of Adult Education, Tanzania Email: songambeler@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 038. | GIS-Based Site Suitability Analysis for Solid Waste Disposal in Homa Bay Town, Kenya | Annah Mueni Kioko, Hezron O. Agili & Isaac Ayuyo Faculty of Biological and Physical Sciences, Tom Mboya University, Kenya P.O Box 199-40300, Homa Bay, Kenya Email: mueniannah132@gmail.com / hagili@tmu.ac.ke / isaac@tmu.ac.ke | View Abstract | Download |
| 039. | Nutritional Education Practices and Learning Outcomes in Public Pre-Schools in Homa Bay County, Kenya | Ogada Anyango Donnet – Department of Educational Psychology and Science, Rongo University Benson Charles Odongo – Department of Special Needs Education and Early Childhood Development, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology Lazarus Millan Okello – Department of Educational Psychology and Science, Rongo University Email: donnetogada@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 040. | Addressing the Challenges of Adopting a Student- Centered Approach in Teaching Plants Anatomy in Nyamasheke District, Rwanda: Insights and Solutions for Secondary School Education | Ezechiel Harerimana, Severin Mugwaneza & Cassien Gahire African Centre of Excellence for Innovative Teaching and learning Mathematics and Sciences (ACEITLMS), University of Rwanda Email: harerimana.ezechiel@yahoo.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 041. | Bilateral Aviation Partnerships and Diplomatic Enhancement in Rwanda | Umugwaneza Mylene – Department of Institute of Security Studies, Justice and Ethics, School of Social Sciences, Mount Kenya University Francis Maina Mararo – Department of Institute of Security Studies, Justice and Ethics, School of Social Sciences, Mount Kigali University Festus Irungu – Department of Institute of Security Studies, Justice and Ethics, School of Social Sciences, Mount Kigali University Email: Umugwanezamylene8@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 042. | Factors Influencing Heads of Primary Schools in Managing Students Academic Records in Chalinze District, Tanzania | Rosemary Wilbald Assey & Nolasko Victory Mwinami Jordan University College, A Constituent College of St. Augustine University of Tanzania https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3375-7953 Email: asseyrosemary9@gmail.com/ hodis@juco.ac.tz | View Abstract | Download |
| 043. | Analysis of Teachers’ Efficacy in Applying Diverse Assessment Methods Across English Language Skills in Public Junior Secondary Schools in Ndhiwa Sub-County, Homa-Bay County, Kenya | Charity Otieno University of Eastern Africa, Baraton Email: charityawuor87@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 044. | Influence of Imitation of Cartoons on Speech Proficiency among Children Aged 4 – 8 Years in Nairobi County, Kenya | Doreen Munyasili Sikolia – Department of Curriculum, Instruction and Educational Media School of Education Ruth N. Otunga – Department of Curriculum, Instruction and Educational Media School of Education David Kessio – Department of Educational Management & Policy Studies Moi University, Kenya Email: sikoliad@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 045. | Determinants of Psychosocial Well-Being among Mothers of Children Born with Disabilities in Kenya: Perceived Effectiveness of Support Systems | Lucy Wanjira Mwangi Department Educational Psychology, School of Education University of Eldoret, Kenya Email: lucywanjiram@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 046. | Entrepreneurship Training as a Catalyst for the Circular Economy and Sustainable Innovation in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in Tanzania: Evidence from Arusha Technical College | Winfrida Mbowe – Department of Applied Science and Social Studies Thomas Ignas Chuwa – Department of Transportation Engineering Arusha Technical College https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7158-4908 Email: winfrida22tz@gmail.com/ tomchuwa@yahoo.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 047. | Integrating Playful Technology in Teacher Development Programs to Strengthen Early Childhood Learning in Zimbabwe | Nodumo Ncube Faculty of Educational Foundations, Primary Education and Pedagogy Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe Email: ncubeno@staff.msu.ac.zw | View Abstract | Download |
| 048. | The Role of School Leadership in Promoting Technology Integration in the Education System in Insiza District, Matebeleland South Province | Faith Ncube Faculty of Education, Department of Leadership and Policy Studies Midlands State University, Gweru, Zimbabwe Email: ncubefai@staff.ac.zw | View Abstract | Download |
| 049. | Workforce Alignment and Health Service Delivery in Selected Districts of Central Uganda | Peter Kaddu, Regis Zombeire & Nazarious Rukanyangira Department of Public Administration and Management Nkumba University, Uganda https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5036-1596 Email: kaddupeter2@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 050. | Data Quality and Integration Challenges in Public Healthcare Information Systems: A Scoping Review | Matendo Didas – College of ICT, University of Dar es Salaam. Centre for ICT, St. John’s University of Tanzania, Dodoma, Tanzania James Chambua – College of ICT, University of Dar es Salaam Godfrey Justo – College of ICT, University of Dar es Salaam Email: matendodidas@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 051. | Exploring Personal, Social and Academic Experiences of Teenage Mothers Who are Re-admitted to Selected Secondary Schools in Nzega District, Tanzania | Josiah Norman Kazenga, Ecloss Munsaka & Mubanga Mofu School of Education Department of Educational Psychology, Sociology, and Special Education The University of Zambia, Great East Road Campus P.O. Box 32379 Lusaka, Zambia ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2405-8251 Email: josiahkazenga@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 052. | Exploring Pedagogical Practices in Tanzanian Secondary Schools: A Systematic Review of Empirical Evidence | Wilgis Ndunguru – Department of Educational Foundations and Management, The Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial Academy Zamzam I. Nyandara – Department of Educational Foundations, Adult and Distance Education, Open University of Tanzania Jesse Lukindo – Department of Curriculum and Instructions, Open University of Tanzania Email: wilgisndunguru01@gmail.com/ masatuzamzam@yahoo.com/ jesse.john@out.ac.tz | View Abstract | Download |
| 053. | Human Resource Forecasting as a Predictor of Perceived Health Service Delivery in Selected Districts of Central Uganda | Peter Kaddu, Regis Zombeire & Nazarious Rukanyangira Department of Public Administration and Management Nkumba University, Uganda https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5036-1596 Email: kaddupeter2@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 054. | Departmental PLC and Implementation of Blended Instruction in Selected Ugandan Public and Private Universities | Wilberforce Okongo & George Wilson Kasule School of Education, Kyambogo University, Uganda Email: okongo2000@gmail.ug | View Abstract | Download |
| 055. | Role of Change Management on the Performance of Africa Improved Food Business in Rwanda: A Case of AIF Rwanda Ltd | Mussa Mutsinzi, Wabala Samuel University of Kigali https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6882-9037 Email: mutsinzimussa13@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 056. | Teacher Perceptions and ICT Policy Implementation in Physics Instruction: The Case of Public Secondary Schools in Matayos Sub County, Kenya | Milka Mirieri Halonyere – Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology Caroline Wekullo – Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology Paul Ogenga – Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology Amos Ngira Mujema – Pwani University Email: halonyerem@gmail.com, cwekulo@mmust.ac.ke, pogenga@mmust.ac.ke, a.ngira@pu.ac.ke | View Abstract | Download |
| 057. | Assessing what Matters: English Language Proficiency, Competency Development and Formative Assessment Practices among Junior Secondary School Learning in Ndhiwa Sub-County | Charity Otieno, Amimo Catherine & Jane Genga Ayiemba University of Eastern Africa, Baraton Email: charityawuor87@gmail.com/ amimoc@ueab.ac.ke/ jayiemba@ueab.ac.ke | View Abstract | Download |
| 058. | Disassociation between Empowerment Hypotheses and Structural Realities: An Accreditation-Aligned Investigation into Mid-Level Executive Readiness for Competency-Based Curricular Reforms in Public Junior Secondary Schools in Kenya | Robert Kipngetich Rutto, Grace Cheruto Kiptok & Salome Odek Department of Education, School of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences University of Eastern Africa, Baraton, Kenya Email: robertkrutto@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 059. | Reciprocal Centric Pedagogy as Ontological Reorientation: Restructuring Power and Epistemic Relations in Ugandan Universities | Nicholas Isaac Mukwana – Department of Teacher Education and Extension, School of Education, Kyambogo University Paul Muyinda Birevu – Institute of Open Distance and eLearning, College of Education and External Studies, Makerere University Ghislain Maurice N. Isabwe – Department of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), University of Agder (UiA) Norway | View Abstract | Download |
| 060. | Exploring Biology teachers’ Pedagogical Knowledge and Skills in Using Teaching and Learning Resources to Enhance Students Learning Interaction | Donatha Uzayisenga – African Centre of Excellent for Innovative Teaching and Learning Mathematics and Science (ACEITLMS). Ezechiel Harerimana – African Centre of Excellent for Innovative Teaching and Learning Mathematics and Science (ACEITLMS). Felex Dushimimana – University of Rwanda- College of Education (UR-CE), Department of Mathematics, Sciences and Physical Education. Email: harerimana.ezechiel@yahoo.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 061. | Giving Voice to the Voiceless: Amnesty International’s Advocacy and the Promotion of Political Rights in Uganda | Ssebunya Robert, Mawa Micheal & Kasujja John Paul Department of Public Administration and Management, Nkumba University, Uganda https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6959-9929 Email: kakaroberoto@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 062. | Influence of Headteachers’ Information Communication Technology Infrastructure Facilitation on Implementation of Competency-Based Education in Junior Secondary Schools in Voi Sub-County, Kenya | Rachael Nose Maleko & Mary Mugwe Chui School of Education, Mount Kenya University Email: rachaelmaleko@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 063. | Cultural Dissonance in Developmental Benchmarking: A Comparative Analysis of Traditional Ndebele Developmental Milestones and Standardised ECD Assessment Indicators in Matobo District, Zimbabwe | Mnkandla Silindile Department of Educational Foundations, Primary Education and Pedagogy Midlands State University, Zimbabwe ORCID: https://orcid/0009-0009-1026-9525 Email: mnkandlas@staff.msu.ac.zw | View Abstract | Download |
| 064. | Effect of Competency-Based Teaching Intervention on Teachers’ Pedagogical Practices and Students’ English Communication Skills in Rural Secondary Schools in Tanzania: A Quasi-Experimental Study | Wilgis Ndunguru – Department of Educational Foundations and Management, The Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial Academy. Zamzam I. Nyandara – Department of Educational Foundations, Adult and Distance Education, Open University of Tanzania. Jesse Lukindo – Department of Curriculum and Instruction, Open University of Tanzania. Email: wilgisndunguru01@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 065. | Fee Payment Modalities and Students’ Participation in University Education in Public Universities in Kenya: A Case of the University of Nairobi, Kenya | Lotukon Joel Loritee, Dorothy Kyalo & John Ouru Nyaegah School of Education, University of Nairobi, Kenya Email: lotukonj@gmail.com | View Abstract | Download |
| 066. | Implementation of Inclusive Education Interventions in Secondary Schools in Temeke District, Tanzania | Bertha Erasto Losioki The Mwalimu Nyerere Memorial Academy, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8874-2356 Email: bertha.losioki@mnma.ac.tz | View Abstract | Download |