Mental Health Challenges and Coping Strategies among Elite Runners in Kenya

Grace Mitambo, Peter Bukhala and Issah Kweyu
Department of Health Promotion & Sports Science
Masinde Muliro University of Science & Technology
Email: gmitash@gmail.com

Abstract: This study examined coping strategies used by elite runners in the management of psychological demands associated with training and competition in selected athletics training hubs in Kenya. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in five hubs: Iten, Kapsabet, Eldoret, Nyahururu, and Ngong. The target population comprised elite middle- and long-distance runners. The study reported a sample of 367 runners selected using purposive, proportionate stratified, and simple random sampling techniques. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire on coping strategies, help seeking barriers, and perceived usefulness of psychological support. Biopsychosocial model guided interpretation of the interaction between physical, psychological, and social factors in athlete well-being. Adequate sleep (266; 85.0%), maintaining a healthy diet (260; 83.1%) were the most endorsed, followed by listening to motivational talks (256; 81.8%), avoiding situations that trigger negative emotions (254; 81.2%), and engaging in hobbies outside running (253; 80.8%). Writing down thoughts and feelings (144; 46.0%) and seeking professional help (170: 54.3%) were the least endorsed strategies. The findings suggest that runners use a combination of behavioral, personal, and interpersonal coping practices. The study recommends strengthening athlete support systems, providing mental health education and coach training, and improving access to qualified psychological services.