Influence of Project Cost Control on Performance of Irrigation and Integrated Watershed Management Project in Kayonza District, Rwanda (2019–2024)

John Bosco Akandwanaho and Samuel Wabala
University of Kigali
Email: john.akandwanaho@gmail.com

Abstract: This study examined the influence of project cost control on the performance of the Irrigation and Integrated Watershed Management Project (IIWMP) in Kayonza District, Rwanda. The objectives were to examine cost forecasting, budgeting, cost reporting, and cost estimation on project performance. A descriptive design with quantitative and qualitative approaches was adopted. From 893 stakeholders, a sample of 269 was drawn using Krejcie and Morgan (1970) formula and stratified random sampling. Valid responses from 256 beneficiaries (98.1%) were analysed using SPSS version 26. Findings showed all four cost-control practices correlated with performance (p < .01). The regression model was significant, R² = .767, F(4,251) = 207.045, p < .001. Cost forecasting (β = .677, p < .001) and cost reporting (β = .387, p < .001) had significant positive effects. Budgeting (β = .072, p = .206) and cost estimation (β = −.114, p = .037) showed no independent contribution due to collinearity. The study concluded that cost forecasting and reporting are the strongest determinants of performance. The findings suggest that strengthening forecasting systems, enhancing reporting mechanisms, and clarifying the distinct roles of estimation and forecasting can improve project performance. The study recommends that the Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources and development partners continue supporting financial accountability and capacity-building initiatives to improve the performance and sustainability of irrigation and watershed management projects in Rwanda. Future research should examine other factors influencing project performance, such as risk management, stakeholder engagement, and procurement management.