AI Dependence and Its Influence on Independent Problem-Solving Abilities among Users in Tanzania

Wiljames Daniel Mmari
Institute of Accountancy Arusha (IAA)
Email: jamesdaniel0755@gmail.com

Abstract: The rapid adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) tools has raised concerns that excessive reliance may undermine users’ independent problem-solving abilities, particularly among students and young professionals in Tanzania. This study aimed to examine the influence of AI dependence on independent problem-solving skills, addressing gaps in understanding the cognitive consequences of generative AI use. A quantitative research approach with a cross-sectional design was employed, targeting 222 bachelor’s and master’s students from the University of Dar es Salaam, selected through stratified sampling. Data were collected using structured questionnaires with a 5-point Likert scale and analysed using descriptive statistics and linear regression. The findings revealed a significant negative impact of AI dependence on problem-solving abilities, with a regression coefficient of B = 0.773, a standardized beta of 0.727, t = 16.663, and p = 0.020, confirming that heavy reliance on AI reduces critical thinking, analytical reasoning, and reflective decision-making. The study concludes that AI tools should serve as a complementary aid rather than a substitute for cognitive effort. It is recommended that educational institutions and policymakers implement guidelines and training programmes to promote responsible AI use, encouraging verification of outputs, independent analysis, and reflective engagement to maintain and strengthen problem-solving competencies.