Abstract: The general objective of this study was to assess the influence of project planning practices on success of rural infrastructure projects in Rwanda. Data analysis conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 28, applying frequency counts, percentages, mean scores, and standard deviation. Pearson correlation used to examine relationships between planning variables and project success. The regression analysis shows the coefficients and significance levels for each independent variable. For Resource Planning, the regression coefficient (β) is 0.267 with a t-value of 6.512 and a Sig. of 0.000. Since the p-value is less than 0.05, Resource Planning has a significant positive influence on success of Kamonyi-Rugalika-Mugina Feeder Road Rehabilitation Project. Regarding Scope Planning, Table 5 shows a coefficient (β) of 0.192, a t-value of 4.174, and a Sig. of 0.000. With the p-value below 0.05, this variable also significantly influences project success. For Quality Control Planning, Table 5 displays the highest coefficient (β) of 0.488, a t-value of 8.873, and a Sig. of 0.000. This p-value (<0.05) signifies a highly significant influence on the dependent variable. Project Management Committee and Kamonyi District authorities should institutionalize the formulation of strict quality criteria at the pre-contract stage to ensure all contractors clearly understand the high performance expectations required.