Abstract: This study examined the effect of project planning practices on performance of Bugarama Wolfram Mining Project in Burera District, Rwanda. Project resource planning, risk mitigation planning, stakeholders engagement planning, and monitoring and evaluation planning were assessed as predictors of project performance. Resource-Based View Theory, Complexity Theory, Stakeholder Theory, and Theory of Constraints guided the study. Descriptive and correlational research designs were adopted using quantitative and qualitative approaches. The target population comprised 189 project actors, all of whom were included through a census approach; 181 complete questionnaires were returned, representing a 95.8% response rate. Questionnaires, interviews, and documentation generated the study data, while the complete questionnaires were analysed using SPSS version 29 through descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression. Regression results showed positive and statistically significant effects for project resource planning (B = 0.326; t = 6.792; p = 0.000), risk mitigation planning (B = 0.118; t = 2.622; p = 0.010), stakeholders engagement planning (B = 0.265; t = 6.310; p = 0.000), and monitoring and evaluation planning (B = 0.143; t = 3.043; p = 0.003). The model explained 95.3% of variation in project performance. The study concluded that integrated planning practices strengthened mining project performance and recommended coordinated resource schedules, active risk registers, structured stakeholder engagement, and results-based monitoring systems.