Abstract: The study examined strategies adopted by teachers in the implementation of Guidance and Counselling in junior primary schools. This paper is based on my Phd studies and only presents one facet of it. Guidance and Counselling is an area that has recently gained traction in the primary school curriculum, hence, the need to upscale its implementation. An interpretive qualitative case study research design was utilized enabling teachers to share their experiences and thoughts in a naturalistic setting and allows the researcher to capture detailed, nuanced perspectives from teachers in the real-worldcontexts. Twenty participants from four schools were purposively sampled to gather detailed, contextual data and foster a deeper understanding of the phenomenon. Semi- structured interviews, observations and document analysis were used to generate data. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis. The research revealed that teachers were using different strategies in implementing G&C in primary schools. The results of the study further pointed out that staff development workshops were needed to enhance the implementation of G&C properly. The study recommends a culturally relevant model which embraces pedagogies such as adopting the use of cultural counselling villages.

Abstract: The study assessed the challenges facing pupils from single parent families towards academic achievement in Arusha city council. The objectives of the study were to; examine the challenges facing pupils from single parent families in primary school and explore the possible solutions to the challenges facing pupils from single parent families in primary school education. Attachment Theory guided the study. Mixed methods approach was adopted. Target population of the study was 1055 and sample size of 108 respondents from public primary schools were involved in the study. Purposive sampling technique was employed for both teachers and pupils. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data. Content validity was validated through the expert judgment. Reliability was determined using test re-test technique and reliability index, r=0.835 was obtained using Cronbach Alpha Method. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics in SPSS version 25. The obtained results were presented in tables of frequencies and percentages. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically alongside research questions. The study established that economic hardship, lack of parental care, lack of G/C and socialization are the major challenges facing pupils from single parent families towards their education achievements. In recommendation, pupils from single parent’s families with low income should be identified, assisted and mentored towards their education. The government needs to set a budget for those pupils in need. The school administration should encourage teachers to offer G/C services to single parent pupils in order to encourage them to work hard in their academics.