Abstract: This study examined the role of Local Supplier Readiness Strategies in enhancing public procurement performance at Rwanda Medical Supply (RMS). The study focused on capacity-building programs and training initiatives and their contribution to public procurement performance. A descriptive and explanatory research design was adopted using a quantitative approach. The target population comprised 120 employees of Rwanda Medical Supply, and census sampling was used. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaires, while secondary data were obtained through documentary review. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation, and simple linear regression analysis. The findings indicated that capacity-building programs and training initiatives were generally implemented to strengthen suppliers’ technical skills, understanding of procurement requirements, compliance with regulatory and quality standards, and ability to meet procurement expectations. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a strong and statistically significant positive relationship between capacity-building programs and training initiatives and public procurement performance (r = 0.680, p < 0.01). Regression analysis showed that capacity-building programs and training initiatives explained 46.2% of the variation in public procurement performance (R² = 0.462), while the effect was statistically significant (B = 0.760, p < 0.001). The study concluded that effective capacity-building programs and training initiatives contribute to improved supplier readiness and public procurement performance at Rwanda Medical Supply. It recommends strengthening supplier training, technical guidance, mentoring, and advisory support, particularly in procurement procedures, regulatory requirements, quality standards, and supplier compliance, to sustain effective public procurement performance.